Electrical Safety & Lockout Services During The COVID-19 Pandemic & More Valuable Information.

Erin M • Apr 21, 2020

At Arcflsah.ca safety isn't just something we train, but rather a value that we live by. Our hearts truly go out to all of those who have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and appreciate all of the hard work and sacrifices being made by all of the frontline workers. We want to let you know that during this time we are taking proper precautions to help keep everyone safe during this difficult time and are still available to assist you should you need us! Online electrical safety courses and other resources are also available here

We're all in this together!

Circuit Breaker Lockout Panel Lockout®

In my travels over the past 26 years a common question that I get asked from fellow electricians is “how do I lockout a circuit breaker in a panel”. There are a number of universal circuit breaker lockout devices available on the market that are well made and will successfully lockout the breaker with a lockout device and tag attached. The challenges are, depending on the age of the panel and the depth of the trim, the panel door may not close or may remain ajar when one attaches a lockout device. This can be particularly problematic in public areas. In addition, as good as some of the circuit breaker lockout devices are, they may not adopt to all manufacturers.

Having said this, something maintenance personnel may consider is a Panel Lockout®. It locks out circuit breakers by locking out the entire electrical panel. It attaches to the panel cover screws and keeps the panel door locked. The device encapsulates two screws which prevents the panel cover from being removed. The circuit breakers remain locked out while work is being done. A tag (if used) has the contact information of the worker in case access to the panel is needed.

The Panel Lockout® locks any size, brand or type breaker. Several breakers can be locked out with one padlock.

If your panel has no screws exposed on the panel there are clips available for these panels, they come with installation instructions. If you have a panel without screws, and you don’t think the clips will work, please call us for additional options.

The Panel Lockout® can also used to prevent shutdowns of critical equipment. It stops unauthorized persons from accessing electrical circuit breaker panels, security panels and data center panels. Lock the panel so that only those that are authorized have the key. Therefore, circuit breakers remain locked on.

The Panel Lockout® device can be more secure and versatile than individual circuit breaker lockouts. For instance, it can lock out several breakers with one lock. In addition, the panel door is locked closed with the Panel Lockout®. As mentioned, the panel door may remain ajar with circuit breaker lockouts. The Panel Lockout® is universal for most panels. Also, circuit breaker lockouts may fall off and can be difficult to install because there is a chance of tripping an adjacent breaker. But the Panel lockout® is sturdy and can not fall off. There is no chance of inadvertently tripping another breaker. It installs in seconds. In conclusion, the Panel Lockout® is a faster, safer and less expensive way to lockout out a circuit breaker!



Arcing Short Circuit CurrentBy Jim Phillips, P.E.

When calculating the incident energy and arc flash boundary as part of an arc flash study/risk assessment, one of the main variables is the arcing short circuit current. This is not the same as the traditional “bolted” short circuit current that is often used to evaluate the interrupting rating of protective devices. The “arcing” short circuit current flows across an air gap during an arc flash and because of the additional impedance from the arc is always less than the bolted short circuit current. Why would less current be so important? It seems like more current would be worse. It is because another very important variable is the duration of the arc flash which is normally defined by how long it takes an upstream protective device to trip. The lower arcing current may cause a protective device to take longer to trip - resulting in a greater (and more dangerous) incident energy. 1980’S - NO ARCING CURRENT There has been quite an evolution in how the arcing short circuit current is handled. Back in the 1980’s a.k.a. the early days of arc flash calculations, the equations were quite primitive by today’s standards. In fact, the arcing current was not even considered - only the bolted short circuit current was used.

When determining how long a protective device may take to operate, using the bolted short circuit could indicate the protective device trips instantaneously resulting in a lower incident energy when in fact, the lower (and unknown) arcing current could actually result in the device taking longer to trip. 2000 –BOLTED CURRENT AND 38 PERCENT Equations from a technical paper published in 2000 are listed in CSA Z462 Annex D. These equations are based on actual
arc flash testing – a significant improvement. However, there was still no equation for calculating the arcing current. Instead, this method contains a “work around” for arcing current which states: “For 480 and 600-volt systems, the industry accepted minimum level for a sustaining arcing fault is 38 percent of the available bolted fault” That was it. Just multiply the bolted fault current by 38 percent and evaluate the lower current to see if it resulted in a longer
device clearing time and a worst-case incident energy. 2002 - ARCING CURRENT AND 85 PERCENT When the first edition of IEEE 1584 was published in 2002, one of more significant improvements was the introduction of arcing short circuit current equations. However, since there could be many unknown factors that influence the actual arcing current, it was commonly referred to as “estimate”. As an estimate, what if the actual arcing current was lower? It could again possibly result in the protective device taking longer to operate and lead to a greater incident energy. The solution? Add an additional step where the estimated arcing current would simply be multiplied by 85 percent and the protective device operating time would be re-evaluated with the slightly lower current. The 100% case and 85% case would be compared
and the worst case would be used for the study result. The 85% multiplier was used for all arcing current calculations for systems under 1000 Volts. 2018 – ARCING CURRENT AND VARCF Based on almost 2000 new arc flash tests, the 2018 Edition of IEEE 1584 has made further improvements to the arcing current calculations for greater accuracy. However, the new equations are much more complex and include different electrode configurations, ten different
coefficients as well as other variables. The process involves several calculation steps including determining the “Intermediate Average Arcing Current” with equations based on 600, 2700 and 14,300 volts.

The second step is to use the intermediate current(s) and solve for the final arcing current at the specific system voltage. Similar to the 2002, edition, a second arc duration is calculated using a reduced arcing current to determine if there is an effect on the protective device operating time. Unlike the fixed value of 85% used in the 2002 edition, the 2018 edition
has introduced a new equation for an Arcing Current Variation Correction Factor VarCf which is used for all voltages from 208 to 15,000. The VarCf is heavily voltage dependent and has the greatest impact at voltages between 208 to 600 volts. THE EVOLUTION CONTINUES It has taken several decades, hundreds of people, tens of thousands of manhours and millions of dollars in research to move our understanding of arc flash and related calculations to this level.
Some say the cost and time is too much. For electrical worker’s that have survived an arc flash with minimal or no injuries because of this effort, they know it is well worth it.

Based on my article originally published in Electrical Contractor Magazine – March 2019 Jim Phillips, P.E. founder of Brainfiller.com and ArcFlashForum.com is Vice-Chair of IEEE 1584, Steering Committee member IEEE/NFPA Arc Flash Collaborative Research Project, and International Chair of IEC TC78 Live Working Committee. He is a Senior Member of IEEE, Member of ASTM, NFPA and the IET.

"During this time of isolation, join our friends at www.ArcFlashForum.com for discussions about arc flash and electrical safety. The forum was created in 2007 and has gained a global following which includes a section devoted to CSA Z462. See you there!" - Jim Phillips

During This Time Of Crisis Help When You Can!

That is me - Len behind the N95 mask stocking shelves and helping out at the Good Shepherd Food Bank in Hamilton ON. At this time of world crisis, it is good to help with the underprivileged. The Good Shepherd is a wonderful and caring organization!

Electrical Safety Assistance? There’s A FREE App For That!

Don’t forget, our NEW Arc Flash Electrical Worker Quick Field Guide APP is available on Google Play for FREE! Download it Here !

We hope you and your loved ones are staying safe and healthy, remember we are here if you need us! As always, you are invited to contribute a story or a question that you would like to bring forward to other readers, related to workplace electrical safety or lockout, including PPE and safety equipment.

Please send your stories and questions to Len at len@arcflash.ca . You can also continue the conversation with us on our Linkden Workplace Electrical Safety Communications group!

By Len Cicero 10 Oct, 2023
In this article, I discuss the new changes with the 2024 Edition.
By Erin M 11 Mar, 2020
Overall, the 2018 OESR shows a downward trend in electrical fatalities and electrical injuries in Ontario . But there is still more work to do! Take a look at the full document here, and feel free to email or call Len with any questions you may have!
By Erin M 10 Feb, 2020
In the unfortunate event that one has been involved in a motor vehicle collision where there are fallen wires on or near the vehicle, “Stay in the vehicle”… until the electrical utility personnel have arrived. A vehicles tires may smoke or explode from heating up, however remain in the vehicle, except in the case of fire. In the event of the worst case situation, the vehicle is on fire which cannot be readily extinguished. The driver is now in extreme danger. Contacting metal parts of the vehicle and ground at the same time could be fatal. By keeping both feet together and jump clear of the vehicle. Avoid touching the car as both feet come in contact with the ground. Take short shuffle steps keeping both feet as close together as possible. They must avoid contacting each other. Move in this manner away from the vehicle for at least 10 metres (33 ft). Jumping clear of a vehicle can be very dangerous and should only be attempted in circumstances where there is no other alternative such as a vehicle fire. The condition of the vehicle and physical ability of the occupant must also be considered. In the event that one witnesses a motor vehicle collision involving fallen wires, before getting out of your vehicle, examine the surroundings carefully and ensure that you are parked well away from the fallen wires. If it is night time, use a flashlight to examine the surroundings carefully from your vehicle window. Keep your distance including your vehicle a distance of at least 10 metres (33 ft) or more is recommended from the down wire or conductive object it is in contact with. If an energized wire touches a car, truck, metal fence or any other conductive object that object will now become energized and could cause serious or fatal injury. Establish the “Safe Zone” at least 10 metres (33ft) away from wires and anything the wires may be touching. Secure the area and prevent people from entering into areas where there are fallen or broken wires, or electrically charged objects. Do not attempt to move any fallen wires, call and wait for electrical utility personnel. To learn more, check out the video below, as well as the amazing pictures courtesy of the London Ont. Fire Department !
By Erin M 17 Dec, 2019
Arcflash.ca would like to wish everyone all the best to you and your families for a safe and happy holiday season - and best wishes in the upcoming year!
By Erin M 13 Nov, 2019
Check out our winter newsletter for great electrical safety tips and advice, as well as information on our new courses and workshops!
By Erin M 23 Sep, 2019
Canada, It's Your Opportunity To Register For: How to Perform Arc Flash Studies Based On The 2018 Edition IEEE 1584 For The First Time In Canada, You Can Take Part In This Amazing Course In Both Toronto & Vancouver! November 4-5, Toronto February 24-25, 2019, Vancouver ABOUT THE CLASS Take a deep dive into the NEW 2018 Edition of IEEE 1584 with Jim Phillips as he shows you how to perform arc flash calculations and arc flash studies based on the latest edition of this landmark standard. After 16 years in the making, this second edition changes everything you thought you knew about arc flash calculations and studies. You will solve many in-class problems using Jim's calculation worksheets based on the NEW 2018 IEEE 1584. Learn how to perform intermediate and final calculations of incident energy, arcing current and arc flash boundary as well as enclosure size correction factor, arcing current variation correction factor calculations and much more!  Review of the changes  Electrode configurations: VCB, VCBB, HCB, VOA and HOA,  Enclosure size correction factor calculation  Arcing current variation correction factor calculation  Intermediate and final calculations  Final solutions using interpolation  In class calculation examples using Jim's UPDATED worksheets  DC arc flash calculations  What happened to grounded vs. ungrounded  What replaced the 125 kVA language  Much more
By Erin M 13 Aug, 2019
You're invited to register for the NEW 2018 Edition of IEEE 1584 with Jim Phillips as he shows you how to perform arc flash calculations and arc flash studies based on the latest edition of this landmark standard.
By Erin M 29 May, 2019
With summer on the horizon, things are heating up in the arcflash.ca world! In our latest newsletter we’re going to touch base on some common, but vital, Arc Flash Q&As, the importance of keeping your work van clean, and the introduction of our brand new arcflash.ca course: The Safe Application of Fuses For Industrial Mechanics & Millwrights. Looking forward to your feedback on these topics, as well as answering any electrical safety questions you may have!
By Erin M 12 Mar, 2019
March has been a busy month for Arcflash.ca! Spent a wonderful time and learned many amazing new things at the Electrical Safety Workshop in Jacksonville, FL. And we are now looking forward to heading off to the Technical Committee meeting in Vancouver on March 27, 28 to begin work on the 2021 edition of the CSA Z460, Workplace Electrical Safety Stan dard Update ! Spring is just about here! In this month's newsletter we will be "Springing Into Electrical Safety" with information regarding an upcoming electrical training seminar...the importance of being safe while, "Working Energized"...and letting you know how to get your copy of The Ontario Electrical Safety Report. Have questions? Head on over to our Facebook or Linkedin pages and let’s continue the conversation. Also, don’t forget to also download our NEW! Arc Flash Electrical Worker Quick Field Guide App for just C$2.99 on Google Play!
By Erin M 20 Feb, 2019
Happy February! We’ve certainly been busy in the second month of 2019, ensuring, exploring and expanding on important electrical safety standards, as well as visiting great facilities across Canada and the United States. Here’s a brief look at what we’ve been up to in February and where we are headed in March: · Had a great time with some great people at the Technical Committee meeting in Toronto February 12 & 13, working on the 2018 edition of the CSA Z460 - The Control of Hazardous Energy - Lockout and Other Methods Standard · February 20th: Arcflash.ca was at the Eaton Power Distribution Experience Centre in Pittsburg PA . for a very informative and educational visit to this amazing facility · Looking forward to the Technical Committee meeting in Vancouver on March 27, 28 to begin work on the 2021 edition of the CSA Z460, Workplace Electrical Safety Standard Update Be sure to check out the great article below from Lineman’s Testing Laboratories of Canada. Have questions? Head on over to our Facebook or Linkedin pages and let’s continue the conversation. While you’re there, be sure to check out our video on ‘The Misapplication of Fuses’ that takes a look at the importance of knowing fuse ratings, particularly for those non-electricians installing and removing cartridge fuses. Also, don’t forget to also download our NEW! Arc Flash Electrical Worker Quick Field Guide App for just C$2.99 on Google Play! ARTICLE: EXERCISE DUE DILIGENCE: Ensure The High Voltage Laboratory Testing Your PPE Is An Accredited Certified Laboratory Submitted By: Lineman’s Testing Laboratories of Canada With the continuing emphasis on workplace safety awareness programs, acronyms like “PPE” are commonplace. Regulatory bodies and industry associations have mandated the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) when working with electrical power or energized equipment of 30V or more (CSA Z462). In addition to the implementation and enforcement of an electrical work policy for the protection of both the worker and the company, it is imperative that workers understand how and why the required PPE will help them, as well as how to properly care for, inspect, and maintain this equipment to comply with legislation. Arc flash clothing and face protection have specific application ratings, while insulating rubber gloves, cover up products, ground sets or assemblies, live line tools and metering/ phasing equipment have both specific application ratings and recertification requirements. All PPE is to be tested by an accredited certified laboratory on a regular basis (IHSA EUSR 134). Laboratory Certification or Accreditation: What’s the difference? Certification and accreditation are often terms used interchangeably when discussing testing laboratories; however, there is a difference. The onus is on the end user to understand the qualifications of the high voltage testing laboratory they are using. A laboratory may develop a program for testing equipment and may operate without having been audited by an independent third party that would ensure the lab is performing and complying with industry best practices and standards. Oftentimes, laboratories are certified by organizations not from within the testing and/or PPE industry, with knowledge that is limited to their interpretation of the relevant standards, or laboratories may not be certified at all, and simply offer services with no regard for compliance. Accreditation is the formal declaration by a qualified and knowledgeable neutral third party that the testing program is administered in a rigorous manner that strictly adheres to relevant standards for the equipment being tested, and that the lab operation as a whole meets industry best practices. What is NAIL? NAIL for PET (North American Independent Laboratories for Protective Equipment Testing) is the only accreditation program for electrical equipment test laboratories in North America. To maintain accreditation, regular audits are conducted to ensure industry accepted standards are strictly adhered to, including review of operational areas including but not limited to laboratory facility, equipment, training and knowledge of staff, quality control work procedures, and financial responsibility. Any group claiming to be a test facility or offering the services of a test facility, who are operating without NAIL-accreditation are not monitored or audited by a governing agency to ensure continued compliance to industry best practices or standards. Quality Healthcare Why Use an Accredited Laboratory? Worker Safety A worker needs to feel confident that the equipment being used meets all regulatory requirements – an accredited certified laboratory will assess the integrity of the equipment to ensure it is safe for use. Proper care, use, and maintenance of the PPE is essential to ensure the equipment continues to provide the degree of protection for which it is designed, protecting the worker and the employer from lost time injury and workers’ compensation costs, and/or lawsuits. Compliance All laboratories must maintain detailed procedures manuals and records of equipment tested. After each test, an electronic record is kept indicating what equipment was tested, the name of the technician who performed the test, as well as the date of the test. The ability to present a test report proves advantageous in demonstrating due diligence to necessary authorities during an investigation should an incident occur where a worker is injured. To further comply with legislation, initial electrical acceptance tests are also to be performed by an accredited certified laboratory, Infostructure Health & Safety Association (IHSA), Electrical Utilities Safety Rules (EUSR). The product manufacturer has options as to how to proof-test equipment in the factory. As most manufacturers do not provide test reports, there is no ability to track the test data back to the manufacturer; with no proof of compliance, the worker and company are in a position of liability should there be an incident or investigation. In many cases, the manufacturer does not meet the requirements as set out in the IHSA EUSR book, as the EUSR book states that in order to comply, an accredited certified laboratory must present documentation, test reports, as well as meet other technical aspects as required of certification. For instance, should there be an investigation where there was electrical contact involving a worker, potentially resulting in serious burns, injuries or fatalities, the user and owner of the equipment would rely on the manufacturer for documentation as proof that the equipment in question was tested (as there is no test report provided at time of purchase). The liability in this case would fall directly on the equipment owner with little to no support from the manufacturer; both the manufacturer product and testing methods would be in question. Equipment owners who want to properly protect their users from electrical hazards, as well as protect themselves legally, should ensure that the equipment they provide to their workers is tested in compliance with relevant industry standards, and that they are provided with a test report as proof of service. Ensure your equipment is covered under warranty. By performing initial acceptance testing of new equipment purchased from a manufacturer at an accredited certified laboratory, the user is covered under warranty should the equipment fail after use on first retest. It is not uncommon for manufacturers to produce batches of product where large numbers of failures occur. Without having performed the initial acceptance testing in an accredited certified laboratory, the end user is left with no support or warranty (ASTM D120, Section 12). Efficiency Equipment that is properly maintained lasts longer, is more likely to perform to its original manufacturer specifications and is in a condition that minimizes the risk of interruption or harm to the worker. For optimum efficiency, back-up or redundant equipment is recommended to eliminate downtime when equipment is in a testing rotation cycle. An automatic equipment replacement program ensures users are always in compliance, eliminates work stoppage, and reduces the likelihood of an electrical incident. A reputable accredited certified laboratory will offer full service compliant solutions for managing your PPE including supply, replacement, inspection, calibration, testing and training. Exercise due diligence and ensure your safety – make certain your PPE is maintained and tested on a regular basis by an accredited certified high voltage testing laboratory. Lineman’s Testing Laboratories of Canada (“LTL”) is a privately-owned Canadian company serving the utility, industrial and renewable energy sectors across Canada. LTL provides the services of three divisions: Power Technical Services (Electrical Engineering & Substation Services); LTL Utility Supply; and, High Voltage Testing, Calibration and Factory Authorized Tool Repair Services in Canada’s largest NAIL-Accredited Laboratories.
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